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Oracle Database 11g Release 1 (11.1) Installation On Enterprise Linux 4.5 and 5.0
This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 11g Release 1 (11.1) on Enterprise Linux 4.5 and 5.0, but these instructions work perfectly for the original Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 and 5 distributions, or any other clones such as CentOS 4 and 5. The article is based on a server installation with a minimum of 2G swap, secure Linux disabled. Oracle recommend a default server installation, but for these installations the following package groups installed.
Oracle Enterprise Linux 4.5.
- X Window System
- GNOME Desktop Environment
- Editors
- Graphical Internet
- Server Configuration Tools
- Development Tools
- Administration Tools
- System Tools
Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.0.
- GNOME Desktop Environment
- Editors
- Graphical Internet
- Text-based Internet
- Development Libraries
- Development Tools
- Server Configuration Tools
- Administration Tools
- Base
- System Tools
- X Window System
An example of these types of Linux installations can be seen in the following locations.
Alternative installations may require more packages to be loaded, in addition to the ones listed below.
- Download Software
- Unpack Files
- Hosts File
- Set Kernel Parameters
- Setup
- Installation
- Post Installation
Download Software
Download the following software.
Unpack Files
Unzip the files.
unzip linux_11gR1_database.zip
You should now have a single directory called "database" containing installation files.
Hosts File
The "/etc/hosts" file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.
<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name>
Set Kernel Parameters
Oracle recommend the following minimum parameter settings.
kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 # Smallest of -> (Half the size of the physical memory) or (4GB - 1 byte) kernel.shmmni = 4096 # semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 65536 # 512 * PROCESSES net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default=4194304 net.core.rmem_max=4194304 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_max=262144
The current values can be tested using the following command.
/sbin/sysctl -a | grep <param-name>
For Enterprise Linux 4.5, the following lines should be appended to the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file.
kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 # Smallest of -> (Half the size of the physical memory) or (4GB - 1 byte) kernel.shmmni = 4096 # semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default=4194304 net.core.rmem_max=4194304 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_max=262144
For Enterprise Linux 5.0, the following lines should be appended to the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file.
kernel.shmmni = 4096 # semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default=4194304 net.core.rmem_max=4194304 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_max=262144
Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters.
/sbin/sysctl -p
Add the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file.
oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536
Add the following line to the "/etc/pam.d/login" file, if it does not already exist.
session required pam_limits.so
Disable secure linux by editing the "/etc/selinux/config" file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.
SELINUX=disabled
Alternatively, this alteration can be done using the GUI tool (Applications > System Settings > Security Level). Click on the SELinux tab and disable the feature. If SELinux is disabled after installation, the server will need a reboot for the change to take effect.
Setup
Install the following packages for Enterprise Linux 4.5.
# From Enterprise Linux 4 Disk 1 cd /media/cdrom/Enterprise/RPMS rpm -Uvh binutils-2.* rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-0.* rpm -Uvh glibc-2.* rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2.* rpm -Uvh libgcc-3.* rpm -Uvh libstdc++-3.* rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33* rpm -Uvh make-3.* rpm -Uvh unixODBC-2.* cd / eject # From Enterprise Linux 4 Disk 2 cd /media/cdrom/Enterprise/RPMS rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2.* rpm -Uvh gcc-3.* rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-3.* rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-3.* cd / eject # From Enterprise Linux 4 Disk 3 cd /media/cdrom/Enterprise/RPMS rpm -Uvh libaio-0.* rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0.* rpm -Uvh sysstat-5.* cd / eject # From Enterprise Linux 4 Disk 4 cd /media/cdrom/Enterprise/RPMS rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.* rpm -Uvh unixODBC-devel-2.* cd / eject
Install the following packages for Enterprise Linux 5.0.
# From Enterprise Linux 5 Disk 1 cd /media/cdrom/Server rpm -Uvh binutils-2.* rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-0.* rpm -Uvh glibc-2.* rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2.* rpm -Uvh libaio-0.* rpm -Uvh libgcc-4.* rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4.* rpm -Uvh make-3.* cd / eject # From Enterprise Linux 5 Disk 2 cd /media/cdrom/Server rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33* rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.* rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2.* rpm -Uvh gcc-4.* rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4.* rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0.* rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4.* rpm -Uvh unixODBC-2.* rpm -Uvh unixODBC-devel-2.* cd / eject # From Enterprise Linux 5 Disk 3 cd /media/cdrom/Server rpm -Uvh sysstat-7.* cd / eject
Create the new groups and users.
groupadd oinstall groupadd dba groupadd oper groupadd asmadmin useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmadmin oracle passwd oracle
We are not going to use the "asmadmin" group, since this installation will not use ASM.
Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod -R 775 /u01
Login as root and issue the following command.
xhost +<machine-name>
Login as the oracle user and add the following lines at the end of the ".bash_profile" file.
# Oracle Settings TMP=/tmp; export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel45.localdomain; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.1.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=DB11G; export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi
Installation
Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental variable.
DISPLAY=<machine-name>:0.0; export DISPLAY
Start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by issuing the following command in the database directory.
./runInstaller
During the installation enter the appropriate ORACLE_HOME and name then continue installation. For a more detailed look at the installation process, click on the links below to see screen shots of each stage.
- Select Installation Method
- Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials
- Select Installation Type
- Install Location
- Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks
- Select Configuration Option
- Select Database Configuration
- Specify Database Configuration Options
- Specify Database Configuration Details
- Select Database Management Option
- Specify Database Storage Option
- Specify Backup and Recovery Options
- Specify Database Schema Passwords
- Oracle Configuration Manager Registration
- Summary
- Install
- Configuration Assistants
- Database Configuration Assistant
- DatabaseConfiguration Assistant Summary
- Execute Configuration Scripts
- End of Installation
- OEM Database Control Login
- OEM Database Control
Post Installation
Edit the "/etc/oratab" file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.
DB11G:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1:Y
For more information see:
- Oracle Database Installation Guide 11g Release 1 (11.1) for Linux
- Automating Database Startup and Shutdown on Linux
Hope this helps. Regards Tim...